Here's a structured overview of English Grammar topics for Class 9 (CBSE/ICSE/state boards). This list aligns with the typical syllabus and includes explanations and examples for each topic:
📘 English Grammar for Class 9
1. Parts of Speech
- Noun – Names a person, place, thing, or idea (e.g., dog, honesty).
- Pronoun – Replaces a noun (e.g., he, she, it, they).
- Adjective – Describes a noun (e.g., happy, tall, five).
- Verb – Shows action or state (e.g., run, is).
- Adverb – Describes a verb, adjective, or another adverb (e.g., quickly, very).
- Preposition – Shows the relation between a noun/pronoun and another word (e.g., in, on, at).
- Conjunction – Connects words or clauses (e.g., and, but, because).
- Interjection – Expresses emotion (e.g., Wow! Oh no!).
2. Tenses
- Present Tense (Simple, Continuous, Perfect, Perfect Continuous)
- Past Tense (Simple, Continuous, Perfect, Perfect Continuous)
- Future Tense (Simple, Continuous, Perfect, Perfect Continuous)
🔹 Example: - She goes to school. (Present Simple)
- They were playing football. (Past Continuous)
3. Subject-Verb Agreement
- The verb must agree with the subject in number and person.
🔹 Example: - He runs fast. (singular)
- They run fast. (plural)
4. Modals
- Helping verbs used to express ability, possibility, permission, or obligation.
🔹 Examples: can, could, shall, should, will, would, may, might, must
5. Active and Passive Voice
- Active: Subject does the action.
- Passive: Subject receives the action.
🔹 Example: - Active: She wrote a letter.
- Passive: A letter was written by her.
6. Reported Speech (Direct and Indirect)
- Changing dialogue or quotations into reported statements.
🔹 Example: - Direct: He said, “I am tired.”
- Indirect: He said that he was tired.
7. Clauses
- Main clause and subordinate clauses (noun, adjective, adverb clauses).
🔹 Example: - I know that he is right. (noun clause)
8. Determiners
- Words placed before nouns to clarify what the noun refers to (e.g., a, an, the, some, any, my, this).
🔹 Example: - This book is interesting.
9. Prepositions
- Words used to show position, direction, time, etc.
🔹 Examples: in, on, at, under, between, beside, before, after
10. Conjunctions
- Used to connect clauses or sentences.
🔹 Examples: and, but, because, although, unless, if
11. Sentence Transformation
- Simple ↔ Compound ↔ Complex
- Affirmative ↔ Negative
- Assertive ↔ Interrogative
- Exclamatory ↔ Assertive
12. Editing and Omission
- Editing: Correcting grammatical errors in a passage.
- Omission: Identifying and filling in missing words in a passage.
13. Gap Filling
- Filling in blanks with suitable grammatical words (tense, prepositions, modals, etc.)